Document Type

Article

Publication Date

7-1-2023

Published In

Monthly Notices Of The Royal Astronomical Society

Abstract

We report detailed X-ray observations of the unique binary system ϵ Lupi, the only known short-period binary consisting of two magnetic early-type stars. The components have comparably strong, but anti-aligned magnetic fields. The orbital and magnetic properties of the system imply that the magnetospheres overlap at all orbital phases, suggesting the possibility of variable inter-star magnetospheric interaction due to the non-negligible eccentricity of the orbit. To investigate this effect, we observed the X-ray emission from ϵ Lupi, both near and away from periastron passage, using the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer mission (NICER) X-ray Telescope. We find that the system produces excess X-ray emission at the periastron phase, suggesting the presence of variable inter-star magnetospheric interaction. We also discover that the enhancement at periastron is confined to a very narrow orbital phase range (≈5 per cent of the orbital period), but the X-ray properties close to periastron phase are similar to those observed away from periastron. From these observations, we infer that the underlying cause is magnetic reconnection heating the stellar wind plasma, rather than shocks produced by wind–wind collision. Finally, by comparing the behavior of ϵ Lupi with that observed for cooler magnetic binary systems, we propose that elevated X-ray flux at periastron phase is likely a general characteristic of interacting magnetospheres irrespective of the spectral types of the constituent stars.

Keywords

magnetic reconnection, stars: binaries: general, stars: early-type, stars: magnetic fields, X-rays: binaries, X-rays: stars

Comments

This article has been published in Monthly Notices Of The Royal Astronomical Society. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

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