Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-1-2015

Published In

Psychonomic Bulletin And Review

Abstract

People verbally overestimate hill slant by ~15°–25°, whereas manual estimates (e.g., palm board measures) are thought to be more accurate. The relative accuracy of palm boards has contributed to the widely cited theoretical claim that they tap into an accurate, but unconscious, motor representation of locomotor space. Recently, it was shown that a bias that stems from anchoring the hand at horizontal prior to the estimate can quantitatively account for the difference between manual and verbal estimates of hill slant. The present work extends this observation to manual estimates of near-surface slant, to test whether the bias derives from manual or visual uncertainty. As with far surfaces, strong manual anchoring effects were obtained for a large range of near-surface slants, including 45°. Moreover, correlations between participants’ manual and verbal estimates further support the conclusion that both measures are based on the same visual representation.

Keywords

Geographical slant, Action measures, Anchoring, Two systems

Comments

This work is a preprint freely available courtesy of the authors, Springer Verlag, and Psychonomic Society.

The final publication version can be freely accessed courtesy of Springer Nature's SharedIt service.

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